{"id":1706,"date":"2016-08-30T17:22:43","date_gmt":"2016-08-30T17:22:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/?page_id=1706"},"modified":"2022-09-12T12:04:58","modified_gmt":"2022-09-12T11:04:58","slug":"availability-brand-search-danteriorites","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/en\/guide-marques\/disponibilite-marque-recherche-danteriorites\/","title":{"rendered":"Availability and search for prior art of a trademark"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/GM_disponibilite.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/GM_disponibilite-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"background research\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" \/><\/a><\/h1>\n<h1>Availability and search for prior art of a trademark<\/h1>\n<p>Updated: 12\/09\/2022<\/p>\n<p>Before filing a trademark for registration, a prior art search must be carried out: to avoid any conflict, the trademark must respect any prior property rights held by third parties. If not, the trademark may be attacked during the registration process or at a later date: checking its availability is therefore of utmost importance.<\/p>\n<h2>What is a trademark clearance search and why is it essential?<\/h2>\n<p>To register a trademark means for its owner to take possession of an exclusive title of ownership of the trademark in relation to the goods and\/or services concerned. It also means that it is possible to oppose the subsequent registration of an identical or overly similar mark, whether it is a word, figurative or semi-figurative mark. If this happens, the prior owner has many avenues available to him\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/en\/depot-de-marque-com\/industrial-property-consulting\/\" data-cke-saved-href=\"\/depot-de-marque.com\/conseil-propriete-industrielle\">to protect its brand<\/a>. It can indeed initiate a multitude of actions against the new trademark: opposition, infringement action, action for unfair competition or nullity .<\/p>\n<p>The consequences of such legal actions can be considerable, ranging from the destruction of products and communication media to prison sentences for counterfeiting and the payment of damages. For example, trademark infringement in France is punishable by three years imprisonment and a fine of 300,000 euros.<\/p>\n<p>The list of prior rights opposable to a proposed identical or similar mark is given by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000039381542\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/affichCodeArticle.do?idArticle=LEGIARTI000006279686&amp;cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006069414\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Article L.711-2 of the Intellectual Property Code<\/a>. The latter provides that signs which infringe :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>an earlier registered or well-known trademark ;<\/li>\n<li>Has a name or company name ;<\/li>\n<li>Has a trade name or sign known throughout the national territory;<\/li>\n<li>A protected designation of origin or geographical indication ;<\/li>\n<li>Copyright;<\/li>\n<li>Rights resulting from a protected design ;<\/li>\n<li>The right to the personality of a third party, in particular to his surname, pseudonym or image;<\/li>\n<li>In the name, image or reputation of a local authority.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>While there are a number of prior rights that can be enforced, three of them are generally the source of disputes: trademarks, company and trade names, and domain names.<\/p>\n<h2>Searching for prior art among trademarks<\/h2>\n<p>Before dwelling on the two steps necessary for any good prior art search, it is important to come back to the principle of specialty: a trademark must necessarily be used in connection with the goods and\/or services mentioned in the application, and will only be protected for the latter. This detail is very important in the context of a prior art search. Two identical trademarks can coexist as long as they do not concern the same types of goods or services and there is no risk of confusion in the public mind. As an example, we can cite the following trademarks<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\"><strong>Brand 1<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\"><strong>Brand 2<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\">\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/corona_biere.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/corona_biere.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"100\" \/><\/a>products : beers<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\">\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/corona_peinture.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/corona_peinture.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"100\" \/><\/a>products : paints<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\">\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/mont-blanc_dessert.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/mont-blanc_dessert.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"100\" \/><\/a>products : dessert creams<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\">\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/mont-blanc_stylo.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/mont-blanc_stylo.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"100\" \/><\/a>products : pens<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>During the search for prior art, it is therefore necessary to analyse the prior trademarks, bearing in mind the principle of speciality, which makes it possible to rule out certain prior art that is not in fact embarrassing.<\/p>\n<h3>The identical search<\/h3>\n<p>The first step of a prior art search is a basic search, which consists in checking that no strictly identical trademarks already exist. The search also extends to identical domain names and company names. These three types of enforceable rights are recorded in registers and this is why the search is done online.<\/p>\n<p>In this respect, the INPI has a database that allows for an identical search among trademarks and companies: <a href=\"https:\/\/data.inpi.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\"Data Inpi<\/a>. This database gives free access to the data of the National Register of Commerce and Companies (RNCS) as well as to the Trademark Register: about 3,000,000 trademarks are listed, with an update made every Friday.<\/p>\n<h3>The search for similarities<\/h3>\n<p>The identical search is not sufficient on its own: it must be completed by a more thorough search, known as a \"similarity\" search. Even if the first step has not revealed a strictly identical mark, the risk of confusion in the public's mind may be created by a mark that is too close to the project. It will then constitute an opposable prior art.<\/p>\n<p>The search for similarities is divided into two phases: the analysis of the sign, and the analysis of products and services.<\/p>\n<p>As regards the analysis of the sign, a visual, phonetic and intellectual comparison is made of each mark identified with the mark under consideration, and it is determined whether there is sufficient proximity to generate a possible likelihood of confusion.<\/p>\n<p>We then complete this analysis by verifying whether the goods and services covered by the two marks being compared are similar or complementary. For greater clarity, the goods and services have been classified into classes by the <a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/en\/introduction-nice-classification\/\">Nice classification<\/a>. The latter greatly facilitates the search for prior art. However, beware: goods and services belonging to the same class are not necessarily identical or similar. On the contrary, there may be similarities or complementarities between products and services of different classes. It is therefore advisable to think carefully about the choice of classes before proceeding with the in-depth search. The cost of this search depends on the number of classes selected.<\/p>\n<p>Products and\/or services may thus be similar or complementary. Similar products share the same nature or purpose. We speak of complementarity when they are necessary to each other, as can be the case for a mouse to a computer: these products are not identical but can be considered as complementary.<\/p>\n<p>This second step is often complex, which is why it is advisable to call on the services of <a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/en\/industrial-property-consulting\/\" data-cke-saved-href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/conseil-propriete-industrielle\" data-cke-saved->a professional to look for similarities<\/a>. The INPI offers to carry out similarity searches for a fee, but no legal advice will be provided with the listing of similar trademarks. This is obtained by means of an algorithm which identifies, within the classes concerned, all similar trade names by adding, inverting or removing characters. The search provides an average of 1,600 results, which is why the skills of a professional are particularly useful in determining whether any of them may constitute a serious obstacle.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Disponibilit\u00e9 et recherche d&rsquo;ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9s d&rsquo;une marque Mise \u00e0 jour : 12\/09\/2022 Avant de d\u00e9poser une marque en vue de son enregistrement, il convient d\u2019ex\u00e9cuter une recherche d\u2019ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9s : pour \u00e9viter tout conflit, la marque doit respecter les \u00e9ventuels droits de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 ant\u00e9rieurs d\u00e9tenus par des tiers. Dans l\u2019hypoth\u00e8se contraire, celle-ci pourra se voir attaqu\u00e9e au [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":11,"menu_order":10,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"","tve_updated_post":"<div class=\"thrv_wrapper tve_wp_shortcode\" data-css=\"tve-u-17624674681\"><div class=\"tve_shortcode_raw\" style=\"display: none\">___TVE_SHORTCODE_RAW__&lt;h1&gt;&lt;a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/GM_disponibilite.jpg\"&gt;&lt;img class=\"size-medium wp-image-1713 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/GM_disponibilite-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"recherches anteriorites\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" \/&gt;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/h1&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Disponibilit\u00e9 et recherches d'ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9s d'une marque&lt;\/h1&gt;&lt;p class=\"ckeditor\"&gt;Avant de d\u00e9poser une marque en vue de son enregistrement, il convient d\u2019ex\u00e9cuter une recherche d\u2019ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9 : pour \u00e9viter tout conflit, la marque doit respecter les \u00e9ventuels droits de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 ant\u00e9rieurs d\u00e9tenus par des tiers. Dans l\u2019hypoth\u00e8se contraire, celle-ci pourra se voir attaqu\u00e9e au cours de la proc\u00e9dure d'enregistrement, ou&nbsp;ult\u00e9rieurement : v\u00e9rifier sa disponibilit\u00e9 rev\u00eat donc une importance capitale.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=\"ckeditor\"&gt;Qu'est-ce que la recherche de disponibilit\u00e9 d'une marque et pourquoi est-elle essentielle ?&lt;\/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Enregistrer une marque signifie pour son titulaire entrer en possession d\u2019un titre de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 exclusif sur cette derni\u00e8re, en lien avec les produits et\/ou services concern\u00e9s. Cela signifie \u00e9galement que l'on peut s'opposer \u00e0 l'enregistrement ult\u00e9rieur d'une marque identique ou trop similaire, qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse d\u2019une marque verbale, figurative ou semi-figurative. Si l\u2019hypoth\u00e8se se produit, le titulaire ant\u00e9rieur dispose de nombreuses voies&nbsp;&lt;a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/depot-de-marque.com\/conseil-propriete-industrielle\" data-cke-saved-href=\"\/depot-de-marque.com\/conseil-propriete-industrielle\"&gt;pour prot\u00e9ger sa marque&lt;\/a&gt;. Il peut en effet engager une multitude d\u2019actions \u00e0 l\u2019encontre de la nouvelle marque : opposition, action en contrefa\u00e7on, action en concurrence d\u00e9loyale ou encore en nullit\u00e9...&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Les cons\u00e9quences de telles actions en justices peuvent \u00eatre consid\u00e9rables, allant de la destruction des produits et supports de communication&nbsp;\u00e0 la peine de prison pour contrefa\u00e7on et au paiement de dommages et int\u00e9r\u00eats. A titre d\u2019exemple, une contrefa\u00e7on de marque en France est passible de quatre ans d\u2019emprisonnement et de 400 000 euros d\u2019amende.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;La liste des droits ant\u00e9rieurs opposables \u00e0 un projet de marque identique ou similaire est donn\u00e9e par &lt;a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/affichCodeArticle.do?idArticle=LEGIARTI000006279686&amp;amp;cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006069414\" data-cke-saved-href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/affichCodeArticle.do?idArticle=LEGIARTI000006279686&amp;amp;cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006069414\"&gt;l\u2019article L.711-4 du Code de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 intellectuelle&lt;\/a&gt;. Celui-ci dispose que ne peuvent \u00eatre adopt\u00e9s comme marque&nbsp;des signes portant atteinte :&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;A une marque ant\u00e9rieure enregistr\u00e9e ou notoirement connue ;&lt;\/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;A une d\u00e9nomination ou raison sociale ;&lt;\/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;A un nom commercial ou \u00e0 une enseigne connus sur l'ensemble du territoire national ;&lt;\/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;A une appellation d'origine prot\u00e9g\u00e9e ou \u00e0 une indication g\u00e9ographique ;&lt;\/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Aux droits d'auteur ;&lt;\/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Aux droits r\u00e9sultant d'un dessin ou mod\u00e8le prot\u00e9g\u00e9 ;&lt;\/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Au droit de la personnalit\u00e9 d'un tiers, notamment \u00e0 son nom patronymique, \u00e0 son pseudonyme ou \u00e0 son image ;&lt;\/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Au nom, \u00e0 l'image ou \u00e0 la renomm\u00e9e d'une collectivit\u00e9 territoriale.&lt;\/li&gt;&lt;\/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;S\u2019il existe un certain nombre de droits ant\u00e9rieurs opposables, seuls trois d\u2019entre eux sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement source&nbsp;de litiges : les marques,&nbsp;les d\u00e9nominations sociales et noms commerciaux, et enfin les noms de domaine.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=\"ckeditor\"&gt;La recherche d\u2019ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9 d'une marque&lt;\/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Avant de s\u2019attarder sur les deux \u00e9tapes n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 toute bonne recherche d\u2019ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9, il est important de revenir sur le principe de sp\u00e9cialit\u00e9 : une marque doit n\u00e9cessairement \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e en lien avec les produits et\/ou services mentionn\u00e9s dans l\u2019acte de d\u00e9p\u00f4t, et ne sera prot\u00e9g\u00e9e que pour ces derniers. Le d\u00e9tail prend toute son importance dans le cadre d\u2019une recherche d\u2019ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9. Deux marques identiques peuvent coexister d\u00e8s lors qu\u2019elles ne visent pas les m\u00eames types de produits ou services et qu\u2019il n\u2019existe aucun risque de confusion dans l\u2019esprit du public. A titre d'exemple, on peut citer les marques suivantes :&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;div class=\"table-1\"&gt;&lt;table width=\"100%\"&gt;&lt;thead&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marque 1&lt;\/strong&gt;&lt;\/th&gt;&lt;th style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marque 2&lt;\/strong&gt;&lt;\/th&gt;&lt;\/tr&gt;&lt;\/thead&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\"&gt;&nbsp;&lt;a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/corona_biere.png\"&gt;&lt;img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1708\" src=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/corona_biere.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"100\" \/&gt;&lt;\/a&gt;produits : bi\u00e8res&lt;\/td&gt;&lt;td style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\"&gt;&nbsp;&lt;a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/corona_peinture.png\"&gt;&lt;img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1709\" src=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/corona_peinture.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"100\" \/&gt;&lt;\/a&gt;produits : peintures&lt;\/td&gt;&lt;\/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\"&gt;&nbsp;&lt;a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/mont-blanc_dessert.png\"&gt;&lt;img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1710\" src=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/mont-blanc_dessert.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"100\" \/&gt;&lt;\/a&gt;produits : cr\u00e8mes dessert&lt;\/td&gt;&lt;td style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"left\"&gt;&nbsp;&lt;a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/mont-blanc_stylo.png\"&gt;&lt;img class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1711\" src=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/mont-blanc_stylo.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"100\" \/&gt;&lt;\/a&gt;produits : stylos&lt;\/td&gt;&lt;\/tr&gt;&lt;\/tbody&gt;&lt;\/table&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&nbsp;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Au cours de la recherche d'ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9s, il faut donc analyser les marques ant\u00e9rieures en gardant \u00e0 l'esprit le principe de sp\u00e9cialit\u00e9, qui permet d'\u00e9carter certaines ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9s qui ne sont dans les faits pas g\u00eanantes.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;h3 class=\"ckeditor\"&gt;La recherche \u00e0 l\u2019identique&lt;\/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;La premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape se traduit en une recherche basique, consistant \u00e0 v\u00e9rifier qu\u2019aucune marque strictement identique n\u2019existe d\u00e9j\u00e0. La recherche s\u2019\u00e9tend \u00e9galement aux noms de domaine et aux d\u00e9nominations sociales identiques. Ces trois types de droits opposables sont consign\u00e9s dans des registres et c\u2019est pourquoi la recherche s\u2019effectue en ligne.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;L\u2019INPI dispose \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard d\u2019un service de recherche de marques, aussi appel\u00e9 \u00ab Base Marques \u00bb. Celui-ci donne gratuitement l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux informations bibliographiques, l\u00e9gales et aux logos des marques fran\u00e7aises, communautaires et internationales : environ 3 000 000 marques sont r\u00e9pertori\u00e9es, avec une mise \u00e0 jour effectu\u00e9e tous les vendredis.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;h3 class=\"ckeditor\"&gt;La recherche de similarit\u00e9s&lt;\/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;La recherche \u00e0 l\u2019identique ne peut se suffire \u00e0 elle-m\u00eame : elle doit \u00eatre compl\u00e9t\u00e9e par une recherche plus approfondie, dite de \u00ab similarit\u00e9 \u00bb. M\u00eame si la premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape n\u2019a pas d\u00e9voil\u00e9 de marque strictement identique, le risque de confusion dans l\u2019esprit du public peut \u00eatre suscit\u00e9 par&nbsp;une marque trop proche de son projet. Elle constituera alors&nbsp;une ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9 opposable.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;La recherche de similarit\u00e9s se d\u00e9cline en deux phases : l'analyse du signe, et l'analyse des produits et services.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;En ce qui concerne l'analyse du signe, on proc\u00e8de \u00e0 une comparaison visuelle, phon\u00e9tique et intellectuelle de chaque marque relev\u00e9e avec la marque envisag\u00e9e, et on d\u00e9termine s'il existe une proximit\u00e9 suffisante pour g\u00e9n\u00e9rer un \u00e9ventuel risque de confusion.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On compl\u00e8te ensuite cette analyse en v\u00e9rifiant&nbsp;si les produits et services vis\u00e9s par les deux marques que l'on compare&nbsp;sont similaires ou compl\u00e9mentaires. Pour plus de lisibilit\u00e9, les produits et services ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rang\u00e9s dans des classes par la classification de Nice. Cette derni\u00e8re&nbsp;facilite grandement la recherche de disponibilit\u00e9. Attention cependant : des produits et services appartenant \u00e0 une m\u00eame classe ne sont pas obligatoirement identiques ou similaires. A l'inverse, il peut exister une similitude ou une compl\u00e9mentarit\u00e9 entre produits et services de classes diff\u00e9rentes. Il convient donc de bien r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir au choix des classes avant de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 la recherche approfondie. Le prix de cette recherche d\u00e9pend du nombre de classes s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Les produits et\/ou services peuvent ainsi s\u2019av\u00e9rer similaires ou compl\u00e9mentaires. Des produits similaires partagent une m\u00eame nature ou une m\u00eame destination. On parle de compl\u00e9mentarit\u00e9 lorsque ces derniers sont n\u00e9cessaires l\u2019un \u00e0 l\u2019autre, comme peut l'\u00eatre une souris \u00e0 un ordinateur : ces produits ne sont pas identiques mais peuvent \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme compl\u00e9mentaires.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cette deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9tape s\u2019av\u00e8re bien souvent complexe et c\u2019est pourquoi il est conseill\u00e9 de faire appel \u00e0 &lt;a href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/conseil-propriete-industrielle\" data-cke-saved-href=\"http:\/\/depot-de-marque.com\/conseil-propriete-industrielle\"&gt;un professionnel pour la recherche de similitudes&lt;\/a&gt;. L\u2019INPI propose d\u2019effectuer la recherche de similarit\u00e9s moyennant paiement, mais aucun conseil juridique ne sera fourni avec le listing des marques similaires. Celui-ci est obtenu \u00e0 l'aide d'un algorithme qui se charge d\u2019identifier, au sein des classes concern\u00e9es, tous les noms de marque proches en ajoutant, inversant ou retirant des caract\u00e8res. 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